C program to convert binary values to octal

C program to convert binary values to octal:

In this post, we will learn how to convert a binary value to octal. The binary number system uses base 2 and the octal number system uses base 8.

We will write a program that will take a binary number as input and print the octal value for that binary number.

How to convert a binary value to octal:

The easiest way to convert a binary value to octal is by converting the binary value to decimal and then converting the decimal value to octal.

Convert binary to decimal
Convert the decimal result to binary

So, we need to learn two different types of conversions. Let’s check how to do these:

Binary to decimal conversion:

The binary number system uses base 2 and the decimal number system uses base 10. If you want to convert a binary number to decimal, you need to follow the following steps:

Start from right to left
Multiply the rightmost digit with 2^n, n starts from 0. So, for the first digit, multiply it with 2^0, multiply the second digit with 2^1 etc.
Add it to a sum variable. This variable is initialized as 0 and this will hold the final decimal value.
Remove the rightmost digit.
Follow the above steps until the number becomes 0.

For example, if you want to convert 1101 to decimal:

decimal = 0
1101 -> Remove the last digit and multiply it with 2^0, add it to sum -> 0 + 1 * 2^0 = 1
110 -> Remove the last digit and multiply it with 2^1, add it to sum -> 1 + 0 * 2^1 = 1
11 -> Remove the last digit and multiply it with 2^2, add it to sum -> 1 + 1 * 2^2 = 5
1 -> Remove the last digit and multiply it with 2^3, add it to sum -> 5 + 1 * 2^3 = 13

So, 13 is the decimal representation of 1101.

Decimal to octal conversion:

We need to follow the following steps to convert a decimal to octal:

Divide the decimal value by 8. store the remainder.
Keep diving the value by 8 until it becomes 0.
If we join the remainders in reverse order, it will be the octal value.

Let’s try to convert 200 to octal:

200/8 = 25 -> remainder: 0
25/8 = 3 -> remainder: 1
3/8 = 0 -> remainder: 3

So, 310 is the octal value of 200.

C program:

Let’s write down the program in C. It will take the binary value as input from the user and print the octal result:

#include <stdio.h>

int binaryToDecimal(long long binary)
{
    int decimal = 0;
    int multiplier = 1;

    while (binary != 0)
    {
        decimal += (binary % 10) * multiplier;
        multiplier *= 2;
        binary /= 10;
    }

    return decimal;
}

int decimalToOctal(int decimal)
{
    int octal = 0;
    int multiplier = 1;

    while (decimal != 0)
    {
        octal += (decimal % 8) * multiplier;
        decimal /= 8;
        multiplier *= 10;
    }

    return octal;
}

int main()
{
    long long binary;

    printf("Enter the binary number: ");
    scanf("%lld", &binary);

    int decimal = binaryToDecimal(binary);
    int octal = decimalToOctal(decimal);

    printf("Octal value: %d\n", octal);

    return 0;
}

Here,

binaryToDecimal method is used to convert a binary to decimal.
- It created an integer variable decimal to hold the final decimal value and it is initialized as 0
- The multiplier is initialized as 2^0 i.e. 1
- The while loop runs until the value of the binary is not 0.
- Inside the loop, it gets the last digit of the binary number by using % 10 and multiplies it with multiplier. This value is added to decimal.
- The value of multiplier is updated and it removes the last digit.
- At the end of the method, it returns the decimal variable.
decimalToOctal is used to convert a decimal value to octal.
- This method takes the decimal value as the parameter and returns its octal representation.
- The octal variable is to hold the final octal value and it is initialized as 0. The multiplier is initialized as 1.
- The while loop will run until the decimal value is greater than 0.
- On each step, it divides the decimal value by 8 and multiplies it with the multiplier. This value is added to the final octal value.
- It also updates the decimal value and multiplier on each step.
- At the end of this method, it returns the final octal value calculated.
Inside main, it stores the binary value in a long long variable.
It calls binaryToDecimal to convert the binary value to decimal and decimalToOctal to convert the decimal value to octal.
The last line is printing the octal value calculated.

Sample output:

If you run this program, it will print output as like below:

Enter the binary number: 10110
Octal value: 26

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Updated on 26 Nov 2021

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